The local language of Uttarakhand is primarily Hindi. Hindi is the official language of the state and serves as the lingua franca for communication among the people. However, Uttarakhand is a linguistically diverse state, and several regional languages and dialects are spoken by different communities. Here are some of the prominent languages spoken in Uttarakhand:
Garhwali: Garhwali is one of the major regional languages spoken in Uttarakhand, primarily in the Garhwal region. It has its distinct script and is widely used in literature, songs, and cultural performances.
Kumaoni: Kumaoni is another significant regional language spoken in Uttarakhand, mainly in the Kumaon region. It also has its own script and is known for its rich literary heritage.
Jaunsari: Jaunsari is spoken by the Jaunsari community in the Jaunsar-Bawar region of Uttarakhand. It belongs to the Western Pahari language group.
Bhotiya Languages: In the higher regions of Uttarakhand, near the Indo-Tibetan border, various Bhotiya languages are spoken. These include languages like Johari, Byangsi, and Marchha, which have Tibetan and Bhoti roots.
Apart from these, there are several other languages and dialects spoken by smaller communities in different parts of Uttarakhand. These include languages like Tharu, Rangas, Buksa, and others. However, Hindi remains the most widely understood and spoken language across the state due to its official status and broader usage.
It is worth noting that English is also spoken and understood, particularly in urban areas and among the educated population, as it is the language of instruction in schools and is widely used in business, administration, and tourism sectors.
